The cell cycle consists of two main phases which are interphase and M phase. Interphase is divided into G1, S and G2 whereas M phase is divided into mitosis (nuclear division) and cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division).
The cell spends 90% of its time in interphase and only 10% of its time in M phase.
G1 (Gap 1)
G1 is the period after the birth of a new cell until S phase. During G1, the chromosomes look like thread structures called chromatins. The cell synthesizes proteins, enzymes, organelles and other substances.
S phase (Synthesis)
S phase is the period between G1 and G2. During S phase, the chromosomes condense and replicate. Each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids.
G2 (Gap 2)
G2 is the period between S phase and the beginning of mitosis. During G2, the cell continues to synthesize more proteins, enzymes, organelles and other substances.
Mitosis
During mitosis, the nucleus of the cell divides through stages known as prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
Cytokinesis
During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm of the cell divides, producing two new cells.