Factors affecting rate of enzyme reaction are pH, temperature, substrate concentration and enzyme concentration.
Effect of pH on enzyme reaction
Enzymes are active within narrow range of pH. At optimum pH, the rate of enzyme reaction reaches its maximum. Pepsin works best in acidic environment, amylase works best in neutral environment and trypsin works best in alkaline environment.
Effect of temperature on enzyme reaction
At low temperature, the rate of enzyme reaction is low because enzymes are inactive. As temperature increases, the rate of enzyme reaction increases. At optimum temperature of 370C, the rate of enzyme reaction reaches its maximum. At high temperature, the rate of enzyme reaction decreases. At temperature above 600C, enzymes are denatured.
Effect of substrate concentration on enzyme reaction
As substrate concentration increases, the rate of enzyme reaction increases to a certain level, whereby the enzyme concentration becomes the limiting factor.
Effect of enzyme concentration on enzyme reaction
As enzyme concentration increases, the rate of enzyme reaction increases to a certain level, whereby the substrate concentration becomes the limiting factor.