A neurone is the most basic functional unit of nervous system. A neurone consists of dendrites, dendrones, cell body, axon, myelin sheath and nodes of Ranvier.
Dendrites
Dendrites form connections with other neurones and transmit nerve impulses towards the cell body.
Dendrones
Dendrones transmit nerve impulses from dendrites to the cell body.
Cell body
Cell body which contains nucleus, controls the activities of the neurone.
Axon
Axon transmits nerve impulses away from the cell body.
Myelin sheath and nodes of Ranvier
Myelin sheath protects the axon from injuries; and together with nodes of Ranvier, they speed up the rate of transmission of impulses.